Myxoma virus immunomodulatory protein MR is a structural mimic of eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2alpha. Ramelot, T. Hide Full Abstract. Reference Sequence. View more in-depth experimental data. Revision History Full details and data files Version 1. Myxoma virus strain Lausanne. J Bacteriol. Billie L. Padgett , Margaret J. Wright , Anne Jayne , and Duard L. Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer.
Copyright notice. Abstract Padgett, Billie L. Images in this article Image on p. Image on p. Properties of myxoma virus transforming agent. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. The surface fine structure of vaccinia virus. Without the MR protein, the host immune system is able to respond and control the lethal effects of the virus The SERP1 gene interacts with cellular components involved in the regulation of inflammation.
When this gene is absent the infection resolves more rapidly due to a more effective inflammatory reponse There are also several ways that poxviruses increase the virus' ability to survive in the wild. These mechanisms can involve the interference with major histocompatibility complex antigen presentation, inhibition of apoptosis, disruption of complement cascade, and inhibition of cytokines 2.
Specifically, the myxoma virus uses inhibition of apoptosis to increase the virus' ability to survive in the wild. This inhibition of apoptosis is accomplished through the M11L genes which extend the host range and increases myxoma survival in the wild The myxoma virus origionated in North and South America as it evolved in close association with Sylvilagus the cottontail rabbit.
However, after , the disease began to be used as a way to control rabbit populations in Europe, Australia, and Chile. The more virulent strands were used as a way to control rabbit populations in these countries between and In Brazil and Uruguay, the myxoma virus was found in rabbits of the Sylvilagus genus, however in other countries of South America, such a Brazil, the myxoma virus is found primarily in the European rabbit.
In North America, the myxoma virus is found in rabbits of the Sylvilagus genus. In Australia and Europe, the myxoma virus is predominately found in European rabbits O.
In places like Italy, rabbits can be vaccinated against the myxoma virus. It is accomplished by injecting rabbits with attenuated strains of Borghi or SG33 Current research is investigating the effect of the myxoma virus on cancerous tumors in mice. The myxoma virus was injected multiple times into cancerous tumors of mice.
The viral injections resulted in a decreased size of the tumors specifically B16F10 tumors. Additionally, systemic treatment of mice inhibited the development of lung metastasis.
Mice were exposed to B16F10LacZ cells that cause lung metastasis and the mice that were treated with the myxoma virus did not develop observable tumors A single injection of the myxoma virus into the tumor dramatically increased the subject's median survival when compared to glioma tumors that were not treated with the myxoma virus.
The median survival of myxoma treated subjects was This research also demonstrated that the myxoma virus is safe to administer to immunocompromised mice. It was found that the way in which the myxoma virus infected glioma cells was selective and this viral infection was long-lasting; lasting at least 42 days after initial infection A current study investigated reasons as to why the myxoma virus has not spread throughout North American species of rabbits.
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